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    数字孪生灌区水资源优化调配模型构建与实践——以广西长歧灌区为例

    Construction and practice of water resources optimal allocation model for digital twin irrigation districts—A case study of Changqi Irrigation District in Guangxi

    • 摘要: 针对广西长歧灌区工程老化、灌排体系不完善、信息化程度偏低、调度依赖经验导致配水精度不足等问题,结合数字孪生灌区建设与水资源精细化管理需求,构建了“径流预报—水资源优化配置—水闸精准调度”耦合的长歧灌区水资源调配模型体系。首先采用三水源新安江模型构建入库径流预报模型,基于全局优化算法SCE-UA完成参数率定与验证;其次建立“水库调蓄—渠系节点递推配水—优先级供需匹配”的水资源优化配置模型,融合水库水量平衡、渠系水量衰减、差异化供水与反向补水机制;最后配套构建渠系水力演算—水闸差异化调度耦合模型,实现配水方案向工程运行工况的转换。以2025年4月上旬春灌高峰期为算例开展应用研究,结果表明:径流预报模型率定期与验证期纳什效率系数均达0.73,模拟精度满足业务需求;水资源配置模型可实现多水源联合调度与逐节点精细化配水,主干渠供水过程平稳,支渠配水时空特征与实际用水需求高度匹配;水闸调度模型可输出各闸门逐日开度与运行时长,调度逻辑与工程运行规则契合。研究成果可为灌区数字孪生建设与水资源智能调度提供案例示范。

       

      Abstract: Aiming at the problems existing in the Changqi Irrigation District of Guangxi, such as aging projects, imperfect irrigation-drainage systems, low informatization level, and insufficient water-allocation accuracy caused by experiencedependent regulation, this paper develops a coupled water-resources allocation model system integrating runoff forecasting,optimal water-resources allocation and precise sluice regulation for Changqi Irrigation District, in combination with the requirements of digital-twin irrigation-district construction and refined water-resources management. Firstly, the three-source Xin'anjiang model is adopted to establish the inflow runoff forecasting model, and the SCE-UA global optimization algorithm is used for parameter calibration and validation. Secondly, an optimal water-resources allocation model is built, which incorporates reservoir regulation, recursive water allocation at canal network nodes, and priority-based supply-demand matching. The model integrates reservoir water balance, canal water attenuation, differentiated water supply and reverse water replenishment mechanisms. Finally, supporting canal-system hydraulic calculation and differentiated sluice regulation models are constructed to convert water-allocation schemes into actual engineering operating conditions. Taking the peak spring-irrigation period in early April 2025 as a case study, application research is carried out. The results show that the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of the runoff forecasting model reaches 0.73 in both calibration and validation periods, and the simulation accuracy meets practical operational requirements. The water-resources allocation model realizes multi-source joint regulation and refined node-by-node water allocation; the water supply process of main canals remains stable, and the spatiotemporal characteristics of water distribution in branch canals are highly consistent with actual water demands. The sluice regulation model can output daily opening degrees and operation durations for each sluice gate, and its regulation logic conforms to engineering operation rules. The research outcomes can provide a case demonstration for digital-twin construction and intelligent water-resources regulation of irrigation districts.

       

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