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    九寨沟震后地表形变与湖泊面积响应关系

    Response relationship between post-earthquake surface deformation and lake area in Jiuzhaigou

    • 摘要: 湖泊景观是九寨沟世界自然遗产地核心价值所在,受2017年“8·8”九寨沟地震及其次生灾害影响,九寨沟典型水体出现明显沼泽化。为探明震后区内地表形变与湖泊面积的变化规律,采用小基线集合成孔径雷达干涉测量(SBAS-InSAR)技术和标准化差异水体指数(Standardized Difference Water Index,SDWI)-决策树方法提取震后长时序地表形变信息和湖泊边界,分析地表形变与湖泊面积的时空特征与关系。结果显示:九寨沟震后形变速率总体呈现由强到弱、形变区域由广泛分布到局部集中的阶段性衰减特征;湖泊面积变化表现为震后突变扩张与长期季节性波动并存,核心景区三大子流域湖泊面积波动强度差异明显;受损严重的熊猫海面积与对应小流域累计形变量总体呈负相关。研究表明,九寨沟震后湖泊演化受坡体重组、水文调节与物源迁移共同控制。研究结果可为高山峡谷区震后松散物质输移—湖泊演化认识提供科学支撑。

       

      Abstract: As a core value of Jiuzhaigou, a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, the lake landscape has been significantly affected by the "8·8" Jiuzhaigou Earthquake on August 8, 2017, and its subsequent secondary disasters, with typical water bodies exhibiting clear signs of paludification. To investigate the patterns of post-earthquake surface deformation and changes in lake area, the SBAS-InSAR technique and the SDWI-decision tree method were applied to extract post-earthquake long-term surface deformation data and lake boundaries. The spatiotemporal characteristics and relationships between deformation and lake area were then analyzed. The results indicate that the surface deformation rate in Jiuzhaigou exhibited a staged attenuation pattern, from strong to weak, with the deformation area transitioning from a widespread distribution to localized concentration. Lake area changes were characterized by the coexistence of abrupt post-earthquake expansion and long-term seasonal fluctuations, with notable differences in the fluctuation intensity of lake areas among the three sub-watersheds in the core scenic area. The area of the severely damaged Panda Lake showed a negative correlation with the cumulative deformation in the corresponding small watershed. The study suggests that the post-earthquake lake evolution in Jiuzhaigou is jointly controlled by slope reorganization, hydrological regulation, and sediment-source migration. These findings provide scientific support for understanding the mechanisms of post-earthquake loose-material transport and lake evolution in alpine canyon regions.

       

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